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  2. An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

    Authors: John A. Marwick, Christopher S. Stevenson, Kian Fan Chung, Ian M. Adcock and Paul A. Kirkham

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2021 18:15

    Content type: Correction

    Published on:

    The original article was published in Journal of Inflammation 2010 7:33

  4. The differences between adults and children in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) phenotype, severity, complications, co-morbidities, and response to the therapy resulted in the extraction of paediatric IBD. It ...

    Authors: Paulina Krawiec, Agnieszka Pawłowska-Kamieniak and Elżbieta Pac-Kożuchowska

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2021 18:13

    Content type: Review

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  5. Acute kidney injury (AKI) results from renal dysfunction caused by various causes, resulting in high mortality. The underlying mechanisms of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) induced AKI is very complicated and neede...

    Authors: Li Chen, Jun-Ying Xu and Hong-Bao Tan

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2021 18:12

    Content type: Research

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  7. Atherosclerosis is touted as one of the most critical consequences of diabetes mellitus indicated by local inflammation of endothelial cells. The Effect of Omega 3 fatty acids, mainly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA...

    Authors: Aysan Eslami Abriz, Reza Rahbarghazi, Alireza Nourazarian, Çıgır Biray Avci, Soltan Ali Mahboob, Maryam Rahnema, Atefeh Araghi and Morteza Heidarzadeh

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2021 18:10

    Content type: Research

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  8. TIPE-2 has been identified as a negative regulator of both innate and adaptive immunity and is involved in several inflammatory diseases. However, the role of immune suppression of dendritic cells (DCs) transd...

    Authors: Shudong Liu, Jie Wang, Wenyan Li, Hui Shi, Changlong Zhou, Ge Tang, Jiangwei Zhang and Zhao Yang

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2021 18:9

    Content type: Research

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  9. Sepsis is a complex syndrome characterized by a dysregulated inflammatory response to systemic infection and leads to shock, multiple organ failure and death especially if not recognized early and treated prom...

    Authors: Wei Wang, Rong-Li Xu, Ping He and Rui Chen

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2021 18:8

    Content type: Research

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  10. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major kidney disease with poor clinical outcome. SP1, a well-known transcription factor, plays a critical role in AKI and subsequent kidney repair through the regulation of vario...

    Authors: Chong Huang, Yan Chen, Bin Lai, Yan-Xia Chen, Cheng-Yun Xu and Yuan-Fei Liu

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2021 18:7

    Content type: Research

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  11. Intervertebral disk degeneration (IVDD) contributes to low back pain. Increased cell apoptosis and inflammation, decreased extracellular matrix are associated with IVDD. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signalin...

    Authors: Hui Xu, Guobao Qi, Kunpeng Li, Keshi Yang, Dawei Luo and Zhongxu Cai

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2021 18:6

    Content type: Research

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  12. Obesity is an epidemic disease in the world, the treatment and prevention of obesity methods have gained great attention. Lactobacillus is the main member of probiotics, and the physiological activity of it is...

    Authors: Ya Wu, Xueya Li, Fang Tan, Xianrong Zhou, Jianfei Mu and Xin Zhao

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2021 18:5

    Content type: Research

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  13. Melatonin possesses multi-organ and pleiotropic effects with potency to control angiogenesis at both molecular and cellular levels. To date, many efforts have been made to control and regulate the dynamic of a...

    Authors: Afshin Rahbarghazi, Marefat Siahkouhian, Reza Rahbarghazi, Mahdi Ahmadi, Lotfali Bolboli, Rana Keyhanmanesh, Mahdi Mahdipour and Hadi Rajabi

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2021 18:4

    Content type: Review

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  14. SARS-CoV-2 is a betacoronavirus causing severe inflammatory pneumonia, so that excessive inflammation is considered a risk factor for the disease. According to reports, cytokine storm is strongly responsible f...

    Authors: Ali Saeedi-Boroujeni and Mohammad-Reza Mahmoudian-Sani

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2021 18:3

    Content type: Hypothesis

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  15. NK-4 has been used to promote wound healing since the early-1950s; however, the mechanism of action of NK-4 is unknown. In this study, we examined whether NK-4 exerts a regulatory effect on macrophages, which ...

    Authors: Keizo Kohno, Satomi Koya-Miyata, Akira Harashima, Takahiko Tsukuda, Masataka Katakami, Toshio Ariyasu, Shimpei Ushio and Kanso Iwaki

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2021 18:2

    Content type: Research

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  17. Obesity, a risk factor for many chronic diseases, is a potential independent risk factor for iron deficiency. Evidence has shown that chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (CIHH) has protective or improved ef...

    Authors: Fang Cui, Jing Guo, Hao-Fei Hu, Yi Zhang and Min Shi

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2020 17:36

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  18. Obesity configures a pathophysiological profile that predisposes the development of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, critically impacting public health. The chronic dysregulation of immuno-metabolic comp...

    Authors: Karina Vargas-Sánchez, Laura Vargas, Yenny Urrutia, Iván Beltrán, Ana Beatriz Rossi, Hernán Yupanqui Lozano, Jorge Guarín and Monica Losada-Barragán

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2020 17:35

    Content type: Research

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  19. Neutrophils rapidly respond to and clear infection from tissues, but can also induce tissue damage through excessive degranulation, when acute inflammation proceeds unchecked. A number of key neutrophil functi...

    Authors: James G. Macfarlane, David A. Dorward, Marie-Hélène Ruchaud-Sparagano, Jonathan Scott, Christopher D. Lucas, Adriano G. Rossi and A. John Simpson

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2020 17:34

    Content type: Research

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  21. HIV infection is characterized by CD4+ T-cells depletion related to gut damage, microbial translocation, immune activation and intestinal and systemic low-grade inflammation. With the use of antiretroviral treatm...

    Authors: Mariana del Rocio Ruiz-Briseño, Judith Carolina De Arcos-Jiménez, Sarah Ratkovich-González, Karina Sánchez-Reyes, Luz A. González-Hernández, Jaime F. Andrade-Villanueva and Monserrat Alvarez-Zavala

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2020 17:32

    Content type: Research

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  22. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated to play critical roles in various diseases. Our bioinformatics analysis showed that lncRNA TNFα and heterogenous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L (hnRNPL) relat...

    Authors: Tao Liu, Jingbin Liu, Chunhua Tian, Hongyuan Wang, Min Wen and Mingyu Yan

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2020 17:31

    Content type: Research

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  23. Traumatic coagulopathy (TC) arises primarily from coagulation system failure to maintain adequate hemostasis after serious blood loss or trauma. Circulatory homeostasis restoration is the mainstay of the thera...

    Authors: Shi-Jian Yi, Yang Wu, Lan-Lan Li, Qian-Kun Liang and Yue Xiao

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2020 17:30

    Content type: Research

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  24. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is the collective term for chronic immune-mediated diseases of unknown, multifactorial etiology, arising from the interplay between genetic and environmental factors and includ...

    Authors: Pedro A. Ruiz Castro, Ulrike Kogel, Giuseppe Lo Sasso, Blaine W. Phillips, Alain Sewer, Bjorn Titz, Llenalia Garcia, Athanasios Kondylis, Emmanuel Guedj, Dariusz Peric, David Bornand, Remi Dulize, Celine Merg, Maica Corciulo, Nikolai V. Ivanov, Manuel C. Peitsch…

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2020 17:29

    Content type: Research

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  25. Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) mediates the innate immune response either through direct opsonisation of microorganisms or through activation of the complement system. There are conflicting data whether MBL defi...

    Authors: Sofie Jacobson, Peter Larsson, Anna-Maja Åberg, Göran Johansson, Ola Winsö and Stefan Söderberg

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2020 17:28

    Content type: Research

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  26. Infant cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass results in decreased circulating alkaline phosphatase that is associated with poor postoperative outcomes. Bovine intestinal alkaline phosphatase infusion rep...

    Authors: Ludmila Khailova, Justin Robison, James Jaggers, Richard Ing, Scott Lawson, Amy Treece, Danielle Soranno, Suzanne Osorio Lujan and Jesse A. Davidson

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2020 17:27

    Content type: Research

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  27. Acute lung injury (ALI) and/or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are critical life-threatening syndromes characterized by the infiltration of a large number of granulocytes (mainly neutrophils) that l...

    Authors: Hongxia Mei, Ying Tao, Tianhao Zhang and Feng Qi

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2020 17:26

    Content type: Research

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  28. NOD-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is necessary to initiate acute sterile inflammation. Increasing evidence indicates the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome induced pyroptosis is closely related to reactiv...

    Authors: Fenglian He, Guanghui Zheng, Jingying Hou, Qiaohua Hu, Qin Ling, Gongfa Wu, Hui Zhao, Jin Yang, Yue Wang, Longyuan Jiang, Wanchun Tang and Zhengfei Yang

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2020 17:25

    Content type: Research

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  29. Cigarette smoke exposure (SE) during pregnancy is the largest modifiable risk factor for the development of lung disorders in offspring. We have previously shown that maternal L-Carnitine treatment can reduce ...

    Authors: Baoming Wang, Yik Lung Chan, Shengyu Zhou, Sonia Saad, Hui Chen and Brian G Oliver

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2020 17:24

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  30. Ovarian carcinoma is the deadliest type of gynecological cancer. The unique tumor microenvironment enables specific and efficient metastasis, weakens immunological monitoring, and mediates drug resistance. Tum...

    Authors: Ying Feng, Meizhu Xiao, Zihan Zhang, Ran Cui, Xuan Jiang, Shuzhen Wang, Huimin Bai, Chongdong Liu and Zhenyu Zhang

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2020 17:23

    Content type: Hypothesis

    Published on:

  33. Atopic dermatitis (eczema) is a type of inflammation of the skin, which presents with itchy, red, swollen, and cracked skin. The high global incidence of atopic dermatitis makes it one of the major skin diseas...

    Authors: Sae-Bom Yoon, Chang Hoon Lee, Hyun Young Kim, Daeyoung Jeong, Moon Kook Jeon, Sun-A Cho, Kwangmi Kim, Taeho Lee, Jung Yoon Yang, Young-Dae Gong and Heeyeong Cho

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2020 17:20

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  34. To investigate the efficacy and safety of aerosol inhalation of recombinant human interferon α1b (IFNα1b) injection for noninfluenza viral pneumonia.

    Authors: Rongmeng Jiang, Bing Han, Meihua Song, Bing Xue, Yongxiang Zhang, Yanyan Ding, Jin Chen, Jing Zhu, Jianhua Liu, Qingrong Nie, Xuefeng Han, Xiuhong Jin, Xiaoyin Shan, Weian Guo, Erming Zhang, Zuoqing Zhang…

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2020 17:19

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  35. Dexmedetomidine (Dex) is a highly selective agonist of the α2 adrenergic receptor and a common sedative; however, its anti-inflammatory effect has been studied. In this study, the inhibitory effect of Dex on i...

    Authors: Gang Lv, Guanhua Zhu, Maohua Xu, Xingping Gao and Qingfeng Xiao

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2020 17:18

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  36. Ubiquitination-mediated M1/M2 macrophage polarization plays important roles in the pathogenesis of immune disease. However, the regulatory mechanism of ubiquitination during M1/M2 macrophage polarization follo...

    Authors: Gaohai Shao, Changlong Zhou, Kunlong Ma, Wang Zhao, Qijiang Xiong, Ling Yang, Zhongyan Huang and Zhao Yang

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2020 17:17

    Content type: Research

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  37. Inflammasomes and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signalling are increasingly subject to intensive research in human diseases. We hypothesize that in respiratory muco-obstructive diseases, mucus obstruction enha...

    Authors: Hai B. Tran, Matthew G. Macowan, Adrian Abdo, Martin Donnelley, David Parsons and Sandra Hodge

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2020 17:16

    Content type: Research

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  39. Chronic inflammation is involved in the initiation and progression of various cancers, including liver cancer. The current study focuses on the characterization of the peripheral immune response in hepatocellu...

    Authors: C. Martín-Sierra, R. Martins, M. Coucelo, A. M. Abrantes, R. C. Oliveira, J. G. Tralhão, M. F. Botelho, E. Furtado, M. R. Domingues, A. Paiva and P. Laranjeira

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2020 17:14

    Content type: Research

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  40. Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by inflammation and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and is one of the most common chronic degenerative joint diseases that causes pain and disability in adults. Urol...

    Authors: Sheng-long Ding, Zhi-ying Pang, Xue-mei Chen, Zheng Li, Xin-xin Liu, Qi-lin Zhai, Jun-ming Huang and Zhi-yong Ruan

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2020 17:13

    Content type: Research

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  41. Inflammatory molecular signals are modulated by a variety of intracellular transduction pathways, the activation of which may induce and amplify the spread of inflammatory response. Suppresser of cytokine sign...

    Authors: Na Meng, Ning-Ning Ji, Ziming Zhou, Yicheng Qian, Yu Tang, Kangbo Yang, Binbin Chen and Yong-Mei Zhang

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2020 17:12

    Content type: Research

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  42. Prediction and identification of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes from tumor associated antigens is a crucial step for the development of tumor immunotherapy strategy. Endocan has been identified as antig...

    Authors: Gaohai Shao, Qingjun Liu, Ling Yang, Guibo Feng, Wang Zhao, Zhongyan Huang and Zhao Yang

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2020 17:10

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  43. The antisense cerebellar degenerative-related protein-1 (CDR1as) has been identified as a sponge for several microRNAs. MiR-641 has been shown to be downregulated in osteoarthritic human chondrocytes, but its ...

    Authors: Wei Zhang, Chi Zhang, Chengfang Hu, Congfeng Luo, Biao Zhong and Xiaowei Yu

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2020 17:8

    Content type: Research

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  44. Therapeutic potential of low-intensity ultrasound (LIUS) has become evident in various musculoskeletal diseases. We have previously shown that LIUS has an inhibitory effect on local edema in various diseases i...

    Authors: Kil Hwan Kim, Hyeon-Woo Im, Mrigendra Bir Karmacharya, Sejong Kim, Byoung-Hyun Min, So Ra Park and Byung Hyune Choi

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2020 17:7

    Content type: Research

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  45. The occurrence of neurodegenerative disease is increasingly raised. From physiopathological aspect, the emergence of auto-reactive antibodies against the nervous system antigens contributes to de-myelination i...

    Authors: Mehdi Hassanpour, Fateme Hajihassani, Amirataollah Hiradfar, Nasser Aghamohammadzadeh, Reza Rahbarghazi, Nasser Safaie, Mohammad Nouri and Yunes Panahi

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2020 17:6

    Content type: Review

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  46. There is a complex interplay between inflammatory response and coagulation in sepsis. Heparin is used as a recognized anticoagulant and possesses multiple biological properties that possibly affect sepsis. Thi...

    Authors: Xu Li, Lu Li, Yuequan Shi, Sihan Yu and Xiaochun Ma

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2020 17:5

    Content type: Research

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  47. Acupoint application therapy (AAT) has been widely used to treat allergic inflammation induced by allergic rhinitis (AR). The therapeutic effect of acupoint application is obvious. But the underlying therapeut...

    Authors: Wenzhan Tu, Xiaolong Chen, Qiaoyun Wu, Xinwang Ying, Rong He, Xinfa Lou, Guanhu Yang, Kecheng Zhou and Songhe Jiang

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2020 17:4

    Content type: Research

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  48. Glioma is an aggressive common cancer with high mortality worldwide. Up to date, the effective medical therapeutical strategy is limited. Numerous previous studies have indicated that glioma-expressed antigen ...

    Authors: Gaohai Shao, Changlong Zhou, Kunlong Ma, Wang Zhao, Guibo Feng, Qijiang Xiong, Ling Yang and Zhao Yang

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2020 17:3

    Content type: Research

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  49. The relationship between chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) and erectile dysfunction (ED) has been shown in many studies. However, the specific mechanism remains unclear. This study was...

    Authors: Guang-chun Wang, Tian-run Huang, Yang-yang Hu, Ke-yi Wang, Heng Shi, Lei Yin and Bo Peng

    Citation: Journal of Inflammation 2020 17:2

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

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