Table 3 Systemic inflammation and areca nut chewing with tobacco additives, a comparison with raw areca nut chewers
From: Areca nut chewing and systemic inflammation: evidence of a common pathway for systemic diseases
Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Odds ratio (95% CI) | Wald chi2 | p value | Odds ratio (95% CI) | Wald chi2 | p value | |
Age at screening (years) | ||||||
Age 16-20 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Age 21-25 | 0.83 (0.48 - 1.44) | −0.66 | 0.51 | 1.03 (0.51 - 2.11) | 0.09 | 0.93 |
Age 26-30 | 0.97 (0.53 - 1.78) | −0.10 | 0.92 | 1.13 (0.52 - 2.43) | 0.30 | 0.76 |
Age 31-35 | 1.01 (0.56 - 1.83) | 0.03 | 0.98 | 0.57 (0.26 - 1.24) | −1.41 | 0.16 |
Age at screening (continuous) | 0.98 (0.94 - 1.02) | −1.14 | 0.25 | 0.97 (0.93 - 1.01) | −1.28 | 0.20 |
BMI (kg/m2) | ||||||
Desirable < 23 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Overweight 23–27.5 | 0.90 (0.56 - 1.45) | −0.41 | 0.68 | 0.80 (0.45 - 1.43) | −0.75 | 0.46 |
Obese > 27.5 | 1.05 (0.63 - 1.74) | 0.19 | 0.85 | 1.08 (0.59 - 1.98) | 0.24 | 0.81 |
Education (years) | ||||||
< 10 years | 1 | 1 | ||||
10 - 12 years | 1.18 (0.65 - 2.16) | 0.55 | 0.58 | 1.67 (0.73 - 3.82) | 1.22 | 0.22 |
> 12 years | 1.16 (0.63 - 2.14) | 0.47 | 0.64 | 1.26 (0.55 - 2.87) | 0.55 | 0.58 |
Group | ||||||
Raw areca nut chewers | 1 | 1 | ||||
Areca with tobacco additives | 1.70 (1.07 - 2.72) | 2.24 | 0.03 | 1.98 (1.16 - 3.31) | 2.61 | 0.009 |