Fig. 4

Effects of sodium butyrate on Tfh and B cell frequency and the representative cytokines and IgG antibodies levels. Mononuclear cells (MNCs) of the spleens were isolated from mice in three groups on day 70. A Tfh cells and (C) B cells were detected by flow cytometry. B The percentages of Tfh and D B cells in MNCs were calculated (n = 3 mice/group). Levels of E IFN-γ, F IL-17 A, G IL-10, H IL-21, and I titer of IgG antibody in the blood were measured by ELISA (n = 6 mice/group). Data were from three independent experiments and expressed as mean ± SEM. The significance of differences was assessed by ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s testing as a post-hoc test. ns means not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001