Fig. 5

Expressions of pro-inflammatory mediators are reduced by cAMP in IgG-IC-treated macrophages. Rolipram is dissolved in DMSO to obtain 10 mM solution. RAW264.7 cells are pre-treated with DMSO (1:1000 dilution) or Rolipram (10 µM) for 1 h. Then the cells are treated with or without 100 µg/ml of IgG-IC. 3 h later, the cells are lysed and intracellular cAMP concentrations are measured (A). Total cellular RNAs and supernatants are harvested at 3 and 6 h time points, respectively. Then expressions of TNF-α (B and E), MIP-1α (C and F), and MIP-1β (D and G) are examined at RNA and protein levels, respectively. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (N = 3 for qPCR, and N = 6 for ELISA). *, ** and *** suggest p < 0.05, 0.01 and 0.01, respectively