Fig. 4

β-FNAs effect on LPS-induced IL-6 expression in the whole brain and brain regions (hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and cerebellum/brain stem) of male and female C57BL/6J mice. Mice (n = 5–6/group) were injected (i.p.) with saline (control), LPS (0.83 mg/kg), LPS followed immediately by β-FNA treatment (50 mg/kg; i.p.; LPS + β-FNA), or LPS followed by β-FNA 10 h post-LPS (LPS + β-FNA 10 h). 24 h post-LPS, mice were terminated followed by tissue collection. Levels of IL-6 in whole brain (A), hippocampus (B), prefrontal cortex (C), and cerebellum/brain stem (D) of tissue homogenates were measured by ELISA. Data are reported as mean ± SEM. Two-way ANOVA indicated no significant main effect of treatment (p = 0.70), sex (p = 0.84), or interaction (p = 0.89) on IL-6 levels in the whole brain. Two-way ANOVA determined IL-6 in the hippocampus showed significant main effects of treatment (p < 0.0001), but not sex (p = 0.25), or interaction (p = 0.89). In the prefrontal cortex two-way ANOVA determined IL-6 showed significant main effects of sex (p < 0.001), but not treatment (p = 0.56), or interaction (p = 0.083). Two-way ANOVA determined in the cerebellum/brain stem that IL-6 showed significant main effects of sex (p < 0.001) and treatment (p < p < 0.04) but not interaction (p = 0.14). Pairwise comparisons were assessed using a Fisher’s LSD test; * indicates p < 0.05 vs. saline group; # indicates p < 0.05 vs. LPS group; Δ indicates p < 0.05 vs. males LPS