Fig. 11

β-FNAs effect on LPS-induced CXCL10 expression in the colon, proximal small intestine (PSI), and distal small intestine (DSI) of male and female C57BL/6J mice. Mice (n = 11–12/group) were injected (i.p.) with saline (control), LPS (0.83 mg/kg), LPS followed immediately by β-FNA treatment (50 mg/kg; i.p.; LPS + β-FNA), or LPS followed by β-FNA 10 h post-LPS (LPS + β-FNA 10 h). 24 h post-LPS, mice were terminated followed by tissue collection. Levels of CXCL10 of the colon (A), PSI (B), and DSI (C) of tissue homogenates were measured by ELISA. Data are reported as mean ± SEM. Two-way ANOVA indicated a significant main effect of treatment (p < 0.01), sex (p < 0.0001), and interaction (p < 0.01) on CXCL10 levels in the colon. In the proximal small intestine two-way ANOVA determined CXCL10 showed main effects of sex (p < 0.0001) and treatment (p < 0.02), but not interaction (p = 0.14). In the distal small intestine two-way ANOVA determined CXCL10 showed main effects of sex (p < 0.005) and treatment (p < 0.001) but not an interaction (p = 0.28). Pairwise comparisons were assessed using a Fisher’s LSD test; * indicates p < 0.05 vs. saline group; # indicates p < 0.05 vs. LPS group; Δ indicates p < 0.05 vs. males LPS