Fig. 6

Prothrombogenic condition generation following monocyte extracellular trap formation. A mRNA expression of tissue factor was analyzed by qRT-PCR using total THP-1 RNA from cells exposed to CM from spike expressing cells with or without PMX205 and YCG063 treatment for two or five days. B Tissue factor activity was examined by colorimetric assay from culture supernatant of THP-1 cells exposed to CM from spike expressing cells in the presence or absence of PMX205 or YCG063 for two or five days. C Relative induction of platelet activation factor was analyzed by ELISA from the culture supernatant of THP-1 cells exposed to CM from spike expressing cells in the presence or absence of PMX205 or YCG063 for two or five days. D Relative tissue factor activity and (E) secretion of platelet activation factor level in the CM of A549 cells transfected with SARS-CoV-2 spike gene or empty vector is shown. F Tissue factor activity and (G) platelet activation factor were analyzed by ELISA from serum samples of uninfected healthy volunteers (n = 4), severe COVID-19 patients (n = 6) and recovered post-COVID-19 patients (n = 6). H Platelet activation was analyzed by flow cytometry using healthy volunteers cocultured for one hour with previously CM activated from spike expressing THP-1 cells on day five. The percentage of cells expressing platelet activation markers (CD62P and CD41) in different conditions are shown by histogram and bar diagram. The results are presented as mean ± standard deviation and ‘*’ represents analyses of data only showing statistical significance p < 0.05