Fig. 5

Reduction in TNF-α and increase in IL-10 are independently regulated during phagocytosis of Apo-J cells. Apo-J cells were pretreated with 10 μg/ml annexin V before co-culture with NK-4 (5 μM)-treated THP-1 macrophages at a 1:1 ratio (a, b). NK-4 (5 μM)-treated THP-1 macrophages were pretreated with cytochalasin D (CCD) before co-culture with Apo-J cells at a 1:1 ratio (c, d). TNF-α (a, c) and IL-10 (b, d) levels were measured by ELISA. Bar graphs show levels of cytokines (mean ± SEM, n = 3) (a, b). Line graphs show percent change from baseline levels of cytokines produced in response to LPS alone (mean ± SEM, n = 3) (c, d). Results are representative of two independent experiments with similar results. **p < 0.01 compared with cells stimulated with NK-4 and LPS in the absence of Apo-J. #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01 compared with cells stimulated with LPS alone