Fig. 1

Effect of 4-1BB deficiency on muscle weight, atrophic response, and NF-κB activation a Body weights and quadriceps muscle weights. b qRT-PCR analysis for markers specific to atrophic factors (MuRF1 and Atrogin-1) in quadriceps muscles. c MuRF1 and a-tubulin protein were measured by Western blotting. The relative intensities of the bands of MuRF1/α-tubulin were measured using image J. d NF-κB activation in quadriceps muscles was determined using the p65 TransAM assay as described in the Materials and Methods. Data are the means ± SEM; n = 4–6 in each group. *P < 0.05, # P < 0.005, ## P < 0.001 compared with WT/HFD group