Fig. 4

Multivariate analysis for association of E-selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 with 3-month poor outcome. Results in the total population and subgroups; time windows 0–6 h for E-selectin (a), and 2–3 weeks for vascular cell ahesion molecule-1 (b); each biomarker separately adjusted for age and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) at admission; OR, odds ratio; 95 % CI, 95 % confidence interval; subgroup 1: patients with ischemic events, i.e. excluding hemorrhagic strokes; subgroup 2: patients with cerebral damage, i.e. excluding transient ischemic attacks; subgroup 3: patients with ischemic strokes, i.e. excluding hemorrhagic strokes and transient ischemic attacks