Fig. 1

Analysis of constitutive and TNF-α-induced MCP-1 expression during the treatment with DMF in HUVECs. We assayed the MCP-1 protein content in culture supernatants by MCP-1 ELISA according to the manufacturer’s instructions. a HUVECs were mock-treated (solvent only) or treated with DMF at the indicated concentrations for 24 h. b HUVECs were mock-treated (solvent only) or treated with DMF (80 μM) for the indicated times. c HUVECs were mock-treated (solvent only), treated with TNF-α (20 ng/ml) or DMF at the indicated concentrations + TNF-α for 24 h. d HUVECs were mock-treated (solvent only) or treated with TNF-α (20 ng/ml) or DMF (80 μM) + TNF-α for the indicated times. The mean values from three triplicate experiments are presented as the mean ± SEM. We analyzed the data using the Student’s t-test. *p < 0.05