Figure 9
Effect of H-89 or Wartmannin on ANO-induced inhibition of TNF-α production. Peritoneal macrophages were incubated with various concentrations of H-89 (A) or Wartmannin (B) for 30 min before stimulation with LPS (2 μg/mL) in the presence of absence of ANO (1 μM) or adenosine (2.5 μM). After 24 h, levels of TNF-α in the culture supernatants were determined by ELISA. Values represent the means ± S.D. of quadruplicate cultures. Results are expressed as the percentage of TNF-α released from macrophages in response to LPS and are representative of two separate experiments with similar results. ƒƒ, p < 0.01, significantly different when compared with LPS stimulation in the absence of adenosine or ANO. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01, significantly different when compared with vehicle control culture in the presence of adenosine. #, p < 0.05; ##, p < 0.01, significantly different when compared with vehicle control culture in the presence of ANO.