Figure 5

Either insulin or TNFα alone or in combination stimulate VCAM-1 protein translocation from peri-nuclear to the cell surface in VEC. Graph of flow cytometry results. Cells were prepared for flow cytometry as described in Methods. Increased cell surface VCAM-1 is expressed as percent of controls and represents the mean ± S.E.M. of four experiments. *, P < 0.05 vs controls (serum-free medium alone).