Table 1 Demographics, lung function, and body composition of never-smoker controls and current smoker controls and COPD patients, according to smoking status

49.1 ± 8.3

48.6 ± 6.6

66.5 ± 7.7*

57.5 ± 9.3^††

<0.001

50/50

58/42

75/25^§

46/54^§

0.03

3.3 ± 0.7

2.9 ± 0.8

1.3 ± 0.7*

1.5 ± 0.9*

<0.05

111.2 ± 15.2

105.4 ± 16.2

56.3 ± 25.5*

59.4 ± 22.1*

<0.001

4.0 ± 0.9

3.8 ± 0.8

2.7 ± 0.8*

2.7 ± 1.1*

<0.05

110.8 ± 14.4

111.6 ± 16.9

90.8 ± 24.1*

89.5 ± 19.9*

<0.001

83.2 ± 14.8

78.0 ± 4.9

49.0 ± 12.8*

53.5 ± 12.1*

<0.05

0.0(0.0-0.0)

30.0(21.3-40.0)^†

50.0(29.1-62.5)^†

44.0(32,0-60.0)^†

<0.05

96.6 ± 1.4

96.5 ± 1.5

91.2 ± 5.5*

93.4 ± 3.6*

<0.05

25.5 ± 3.3

23.8 ± 3.9

25.4 ± 5.5

25.1 ± 4.7

0.48

46.3 ± 8.6

44.6 ± 7.4

42.0 ± 7.4

38.3 ± 7.1^†

0.01

17.3 ± 1.8

16.5 ± 1.9

16.1 ± 2.4

15.3 ± 1.9^†

0.005