Figure 5
From: Hyaluronan fragments induce IFNβ via a novel TLR4-TRIF-TBK1-IRF3-dependent pathway
HA fragments activate IRF-3 phosphorylation and IFNβ gene activity. (a) MH-S macrophages were stimulated with LMW HA fragments, nuclear extracts were collected and analyzed for phosphorylated IRF-3 via Western blot. (b) RAW 264.7 macrophages were transfected with human IFNβ promoter driven luciferase construct and stimulated with HA fragments for 18 hours prior to luciferase measurement. HA fragments induce the IFNβ promoter by over 2 fold. These data are representative of three identical experiments. * p < 0.02 vs unstimulated.