Figure 1

HA fragments induce IFNβ mRNA and protein. (a) MH-S alveolar macrophages were stimulated with low molecular weight (LMW) HA fragments, RNA extracted and Real-Time PCR performed for IFNβ normalized to 18 s. HA fragments induce IFNβ mRNA in a dose dependent fashion with peak induction at 3 h with a dose 1000 μg/ml. (b) HA fragments induce IFNβ protein in RAW 264.7 macrophages in a dose dependent fashion with peak induction at 6 h with a dose of 500 μg/ml. (c,d) HA fragments induce IFNβ RNA and protein in peritoneal macrophage cell line in a time dependent fashion with peak induction mRNA at 3 h and protein at 6 h in macrophages; cells were stimulated with 200 μg/ml of HA fragments. (e) Thioglycollate elicited primary mouse macrophages from C57BL/6 WT mice were stimulated with HA fragments (200 μg/ml) for 6 h and IFNβ protein secretion was measured by ELISA. These figures are representative of at least 3-4 identical experiments done in triplicate. ^★ p ≤ 0.05 vs. unstimulated.