From: Smoking status and tumor necrosis factor-alpha mediated systemic inflammation in COPD patients
 | Never-smoker controls N = 34 | Current smoker controls N = 24 | COPD ex-smokers N = 53 | COPD current smokers N = 24 |
---|---|---|---|---|
TNF-α(pg/mL) | 3.7 (3.4-4.0) | 4.8 (4.2-6.1) * | 4.3 (3.9-4.9) ‡ | 4.8(4.2-5.8) * |
IL-6 (pg/mL) | 0.35 (0.21-0,44) | 0.42 (0.29-0.81) | 0.88 (0.52-1.41) ‡†| 0.83(0.46-1.33) ‡ |
IL-8 (pg/mL) | 5.47 (4.45-7.85) | 5.68 (4.32-8.35) | 5.53 (3.87-11.82) | 5.77(3.87-10.53) |
CRP (pg/L) | 1.10 (0.62-2.00) | 1.07 (0.56-2.54) | 4.65 (1.62-7.92) ‡†| 6.85(2.97-9.39)‡†|