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Fig. 5 | Journal of Inflammation

Fig. 5

From: Protein arginine deiminase 2 (PAD2) modulates the polarization of THP-1 macrophages to the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype

Fig. 5

Influence of PAD2 silencing on the polarization of macrophages to the M1 and M2 phenotypes. Silencing PAD2 in THP-1 macrophages increased the activation of macrophages to the M2 phenotype. A mRNA expression of M1 markers (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6) in THP-1 macrophages treated with siPAD2 or scrambled siRNA control (siCON) and LPS (M1 phenotype) or IL-4 (M2 phenotype) for 48 h. B mRNA expression of M2 markers (MRC1, FCER2, ALOX15) in THP-1 macrophages treated with siPAD2 or scrambled siRNA control (siCON) and LPS (M1 phenotype) or IL-4 (M2 phenotype) for 48 h. C Concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines: IL-6 in the cell supernatant of THP-1 macrophages treated with siPAD2 or scrambled siRNA control (siCON) and LPS (M1 phenotype) or IL-4 (M2 phenotype) for 48 h. D mRNA expression of PAD2, PAD1 and PAD4 in THP-1 macrophages treated with siPAD2 or scrambled siRNA control (siCON) and LPS (M1 phenotype) or IL-4 (M2 phenotype) for 48 h. Mean ± SEM; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001 compared to control; #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01, ###p < 0.001 compared to siCON + LPS or siCON + IL-4; n = 6

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