| Peri-articular swelling | Osteolysis | Joint destruction |
---|
IFA | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Control |
CFA | 3 | 3 | 3 |
Dexamethasone | 1 | 1 | 2 |
Prophylactic treatment |
HFE (50 mg/kg) | 3 | 2 | 2 |
HFE (200 mg/kg) | 2 | 2 | 2 |
HFE (500 mg/kg) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Therapeutic treatment |
HFE (50 mg/kg) | 3 | 2 | 2 |
HFE (200 mg/kg) | 2 | 2 | 2 |
HFE (500 mg/kg) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
- Sprague-Dawley rats were injected sub plantar with 0.1 ml of IFA or CFA into the right hind paw. The drug vehicle, dexamethasone (0.3 mg/kg) and HFE (50, 200, 500 mg/kg) were administered orally 1 h before arthritis induction and thereafter until the 28th day in the prophylactic approach and started on the 14th day after the induction of arthritis and daily till the 28th day in the therapeutic approach. Radiographs were taken. The extent of peri-articular swelling, oesteolysis and joint damage were blindly scored on a scale of 0–3, where 0: no damage; 1: mild; 2: moderate; and 3: severe. Values shown are mean of n ≥ 5