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Fig. 1 | Journal of Inflammation

Fig. 1

From: Prophylactic or therapeutic administration of Holarrhena floribunda hydro ethanol extract suppresses complete Freund’s adjuvant-induced arthritis in Sprague-Dawley rats

Fig. 1

Inhibition of adjuvant-induced arthritis in Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were injected sub plantar with CFA or IFA into the right hind paw. Paw volumes were monitored in both the injected [A, E and contralateral [C, G paw for up to 28 days. Total oedema was calculated as area under the time course curves, AUC [B, D, F, and G. The vehicle, dexamethasone (0.3 mg/kg) or HFE was administered 1 h before induction of arthritis and daily for 28 days in the prophylactic model [A–D or administered from day 14 after induction and continued daily for 28 days in the therapeutic model [E–H. The plotted values are mean ± SEM for n ≥ 5. * (P ≤ 0.05), ** (P ≤ 0.01), *** (P ≤ 0.001), **** (P ≤ 0.0001) values significantly different from CFA arthritic control group

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