Fig. 8

Kidney malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (nM/mg protein) in the study groups (n = 6 in each group). Data are represented as mean ± SEM. A Kidney MDA levels in before and after AKI groups in non-exercised and exercised animals. ^***p <0.001 vs. before AKI group in non-exercised or exercised rats. ^{^^^}p <0.001 vs. after AKI group in non-exercised rats. B Kidney MDA levels in exercised groups. ^***p <0.001 vs. Ctrl group before the injury. ^###p <0.001 vs. CR group before the injury. ^†††p <0.001 vs. Ctrl group after the injury. AKI: Acute kidney injury, Ctrl: Control, CR: Caloric restriction: TR: Time restriction