Fig. 4

Phenotypic switch from an NK-4-induced M1-like to an M2-like phenotype upon co-culture with Apo-J cells. NK-4-treated THP-1 macrophages were co-cultured with Apo-J cells at various ratios for 1 h. Mixed cells were then stimulated with 1 μg/ml LPS for 2 days. Levels of TNF-α (a), IL-10 (b), and TGF-β1 (c) were measured in the culture supernatants by ELISA. Results are given as changes in cytokine levels relative to the mean values of the cells stimulated with LPS alone. Graphs show the mean ± S.D. of triplicate cultures and are representative of three independent experiments with similar results. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 compared with control cultures