Fig. 3

Lung inflammasome markers NLRP3 and IL-1 β in the offspring at P1 and 13 weeks. Protein levels of NLRP3 a, b and IL-1β c, d in the lung of male and female offspring at P1. Protein expression of NLRP3 e, g and IL-1β f, h in the lung of male and female offspring at 13 weeks. Results are expressed as means ± SE (male n = 8, female n = 6–8). Data were analysed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc tests. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ****P < 0.0001. NLRP3, nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat-containing (NLR) family pyrin domain containing 3; SE; maternal smoke exposure; SE + LC, maternal smoke exposure with L-Carnitine supplement