Fig. 2

Lung p-ERK1,2, p-JNK1,2, p-p38 and p- NF-κB in the offspring at 13 weeks. Protein levels of p-ERK1,2 a, b, p-JNK1,2 (C, D), p-p38 e, f and p- NF-κB g, h in the lung of the male and female offspring at 13 weeks. Results are expressed as means ± SE, (male n = 7–8, female n = 8). Data were analysed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc tests. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; JNK, c-JUN N-terminal kinase; p38, p38 Mitogen-activated protein kinase; NF-κB: Nuclear factor-kB. SE, maternal smoke exposure; SE + LC, maternal smoke exposure with L-Carnitine supplement