Fig. 6From: Inhibition of carrageenan-induced dental inflammatory responses owing to decreased TRPV1 activity by DexmedetomidineCap treatment restored Car-induced inflammation in hDPCs. hDPCs were cotreated with Car (100 μM), Dex (5 μM), and/or Cap (5 μM) for 2 h. a The release of CGRP in cell culture medium was determined at 2 h after Car and/or Dex cotreatment by ELISA. b WB analyses were used to examine the phosphorylation and expression of PKA, PKC, STAT3, NF-κB, and TRPV1 in cell lysates. c ELISA was conducted to assess IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α expression. Data are expressed as means ± standard deviations. Comparisons between two groups were analyzed by t-test. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001Back to article page