Figure 2

Effects of cytokines on apoA-IV and apoC-III gene expression. (A) Effects of LA and cytokines on apoA-IV gene expression. Differentiated Caco2 cells were pre-treated with or without r-h-TNF-α (20 ng/ml) or r-h-IL-6 (20 ng/ml) or the combination of these two cytokines for 72 h before changing into medium with or without 1 mM LA for 24 h. (B) Effects of LA and cytokines on apoA-IV protein secretion. Differentiated Caco2 cells were pre-treated with or without r-h-TNF-α (20 ng/ml) or r-h-IL-6 (20 ng/ml) or the combination of these two cytokines for 72 h before changing into medium with or without 0.25 or 0.5 mM LA for 24 h. The apoA-IV proteins in culture medium secreted from the cells were measured by ELISA. (C) Effects of LA and cytokines on apoC-III expression. The samples were processed at the same ways described at (A). The mRNA levels of both apoA-IV and apoC-III were measured by real time RT-PCR. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 vs. vehicle control; and ^## P < 0.01 ^### P < 0.001 vs. LA.