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Figure 2 | Journal of Inflammation

Figure 2

From: Insulin augments tumor necrosis factor-alpha stimulated expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in vascular endothelial cells

Figure 2

Insulin stimulates VCAM-1 protein translocation from peri-nuclear to the cell surface in VEC. Cells were plated onto round glass cover slips and allowed to proliferate in growth medium until 50% confluence. Growth medium was replaced with serum-free medium for 24 h. Cells were treated without or with insulin (10 nM) for indicated times. Cells were fixed and treated with primary and secondary antibodies as noted in the Methods section. Immunofluorescence was observed using deconvolution microscopy. VCAM-1 proteins are noted in green. Bars in pictures represent 20 μm.

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