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Table 4 Biomarker levels and organ dysfunction scores averaged over 72 hours by lactate clearance quartile.

From: Early lactate clearance is associated with biomarkers of inflammation, coagulation, apoptosis, organ dysfunction and mortality in severe sepsis and septic shock

 

Quartile 1

N = 55

Quartile 2

N = 55

Quartile 3

N = 55

Quartile 4

N = 55

P-value

Biomarkers over 72 hours

   IL-1ra (ng/mL)

8455.9 ± 8838.4

7565.4 ± 8289.1

6421.3 ± 7957.5

2792.6 ± 3635.7

<0.01

   IL-6 (pg/mL)

2839.5 ± 3487.0

2680.1 ± 3174.0

2426.7 ± 3269.4

663.2 ± 1583.5

<0.01

   IL-8 (pg/mL)

480.3 ± 802.4

355.3 ± 559.1

356.3 ± 735.1

76.4 ± 218.0

<0.01

   IL-10 (pg/mL)

303.6 ± 298.7

227.4 ± 218.5

180.2 ± 243.4

85.4 ± 121.9

<0.01

   TNF-α (pg/mL)

65.2 ± 105.9

50.9 ± 69.2

47.4 ± 72.8

19.6 ± 19.8

<0.01

   ICAM-1 (ng/mL)

409.1 ± 208.1

413.3 ± 204.5

379.7 ± 213.8

299.2 ± 156.1

<0.01

   HMGB-1 (ng/mL)

4.6 ± 8.3

5.0 ± 10.4

2.5 ± 3.3

1.6 ± 2.4

<0.01

   D-Dimer (μ/mL)

20.8 ± 9.5

18.9 ± 9.5

18.1 ± 8.9

15.7 ± 9.7

0.04

   Caspase-3 (ng/mL)

3.8 ± 7.5

2.4 ± 3.8

1.9 ± 2.6

1.1 ± 0.8

<0.01

Organ dysfunction over 72 hours

   APACHE II

16.8 ± 6.3

16.6 ± 6.4

14.8 ± 6.9

11.6 ± 6.0

<0.01

   SAPS II

43.9 ± 12.4

44.6 ± 43.5

39.5 ± 12.0

34.2 ± 11.9

<0.01

   MODS

8.0 ± 3.5

7.0 ± 4.0

5.7 ± 4.2

3.4 ± 2.5

<0.01

   SOFA

8.8 ± 3.3

8.0 ± 3.4

6.8 ± 4.3

4.4 ± 2.7

<0.01

Outcome (%)

   In-hospital mortality

52.7

41.8

29.1

16.4

<0.01

   28-day mortality

54.9

49.0

33.5

21.6

<0.01

   60-day mortality

63.1

52.9

38.0

33.6

0.01

  1. Lactate clearance quartile - derived from sorting the study population by increasing lactate clearance and separating into four groups with equivalent number of patients. IL-1ra - interleukin-1 receptor antagonist; IL-6 - interleukin-6; IL-8 - interleukin-8; IL-10 - interleukin-10; TNF-α - tumor necrosis factor-α; ICAM-1 - intercellular adhesion molecule-1; HMGB-1 - high mobility group box-1; Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II; Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II; Multiple Organ Dysfunction Score (MODS); Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA).