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Table 3 Regression models with robust standard errors for TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 and CRP

From: Smoking status and tumor necrosis factor-alpha mediated systemic inflammation in COPD patients

Model

Unadjusted (95% confidence interval)

Adjusted (95% coefidence interval)

TNF-α(pg/mL)

  

   Current smoking status (yes)

1.032 (0.592,1.471)

1.224 (0.724,1.724)

   Presence of disease (COPD) (yes)

0.323 (-0.049,0.696)

0.110 (-0.457,0.677)

   Age (years)

--

0.018 (-0.009,0.415)

   Gender (Male)

--

0.0005 (-0.6048,0.6049)

   SpO2 (%)

--

-0.018 (-0.056,0.019)

   FFM (kg)

--

0.028 (-0.008,0.066)

IL-6 (pg/mL)

  

   Current smoking status (yes)

0.110 (-0.183,0.404)

0.185 (-0.177,0.547)

   Presence of disease (COPD) (yes)

0.621 (0.382,0.861)

0.270 (-0.028,0.569)

   Age (years)

--

0.019 (-0.001,0.038)

   Gender (Male)

--

-0.022 (-0.329,0.284)

   SpO2 (%)

--

-0.022 (-0.065,0.021)

   FFM (kg)

--

-0.004 (-0.029,0.020)

CRP (mg/L)

  

   Current smoking status (yes)

0.893 (-2.379,4.165)

2.447 (-1.025,5.918)

   Presence of disease (COPD) (yes)

6.834 (3.673,9.994)

4.939 (0.958,8.920)

   Age (years)

--

0.175 (0.006,0.344)

   Gender (Male)

--

-0.494 (-3.361,2.372)

   SpO2 (%)

--

0.028 (-0.433,0.488)

   FFM (kg)

--

0.141 (-0.018,0.302)

IL-8 (pg/mL)

  

   Current smoking status (yes)

-0.829 (-13.738,12.080)

-3.836 (-19.490,11.818)

   Presence of disease (COPD) (yes)

11.479 (-0.889,23.847)

24.361 (-0.287,49.009)

   Age (years)

--

-0.516 (-1.272,0.240)

   Gender (Male)

--

-4.121 (-21.129,12.888)

   SpO2 (%)

--

1.205 (-0.842,3.254)

   FFM (kg)

--

0.831 (-2.633,0.799)

  1. TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-alpha; IL-6: interleukin 6; IL-8: interleukin 8; CRP: C-reactive protein; SpO2: peripheral saturation; FFM: fat free mass.
  2. Multiple regression with robust standard erros for the analysis of association of current smoking status and presence (COPD) on systemic inflammation (TNF-α, IL-6, CRP and IL-8). The first column shows models without adjustment and the second column shows models with adjustment.