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Table 1 Antibody Array analysis of changes in cytokine levels in mesangial cells following exposure to DL-homocysteine (50 μM).

From: Homocysteine-induced macrophage inflammatory protein-2 production by glomerular mesangial cells is mediated by PI3 Kinase and p38 MAPK

Cytokine

Change

P-value

TIMP-1

1.9

0.02

TNFα

1.1

NS

β-NGF

1.1

NS

MIP-3α

1

NS

MCP-1

1.2

NS

IL-6

1.1

NS

IL-10

1.1

NS

CINC-2 (MIP-2)

2.4

0.01

IFN-γ

0.5

0.045

Fractalkine

0.2

0.02

GM-CSF

0.4

0.048

LIX

0.9

NS

  1. Values are expression relative to levels in cells cultured in glucose (5.6 mM) with 100 μM L-cysteine but lacking homocysteine; n = 3. Abbreviations: TIMP-1 - tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1; TNFα- tumor necrosis factor alpha; β-NGF - beta nerve growth factor, MIP-3α- macrophage inflammatory protein 3 alpha; MCP-1 - monocyte chemotactic protein 1; IL-6 - interleukin 6; IL-10 - interleukin 10; CINC-2 - cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant 2 (also known as macrophage inflammatory protein 2 and GROβ [growth-regulated gene product beta]); IFN-γ - interferon beta; GM-CSF - granulocyte monocyte colony stimulating factor; LIX - Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced chemokine.