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Figure 6 | Journal of Inflammation

Figure 6

From: Anti-oxidant inhibition of hyaluronan fragment-induced inflammatory gene expression

Figure 6

The central role of ROS in a pathophysiologic "vicious cycle": A) Tissue injury generates ROS, which mediate fragmentation of the extracellular matrix HA. B) Fragmented HA and ROS synergize to activate the innate immune system via TLR-2, followed by further production of ROS, activation of NF-κB and expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, promoting further inflammation. This cycle perpetuates continued fragmentation of the extracellular matrix HA and generation of ROS, thus leading to further injury, inflammation and ultimately fibrosis. Anti-oxidants have the potential to ameliorate this vicious cycle.

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