Table 1 Serum inflammatory markers, metabolic and anthropometric variables in Caribbean Type 2 diabetics with and without microvascular complications
Variable | Controls (Mean ± SD) N = 44 | Diabetics (Mean ± SD) N = 44 | Nephropathy (Mean ± SD) N = 44 | Retinopathy (Mean ± SD) N = 30 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BMI (kg/m2) | 27.5 ± 7.34 | 29.1 ± 9.5 | 27.1 ± 6.9 | 28.7 ± 4.2 | NS |
Waist/hip ratio | 0.86 ± 0.061 | 0.92 ± 0.07 | 0.94 ± 0.06 | 0.93 ± 0.094 | 0.000 |
Blood pressure (mmHg) | 123.8 ± 14.5 | 144.4 ± 20.5 | 159.8 ± 6.92 | 162.8 ± 25.6 | 0.000 |
Serum Sialic acid (mg/dl) | 55.2 ± 8.3 | 66.0 ± 11.7 | 71.6 ± 23.6 | 77.9 ± 29.0 | 0.01 |
Urine Sialic acid (mg/dl) | 29.0 ± 15.1 | 38.5 ± 28.4 | 35.9 ± 38.9 | 55.1 ± 47.4 | NS |
Microalbumin (mg/l) | 8.5 ± 12.5 | 27.9 ± 30.5 | 794.3 ± 805.9 | 351.1 ± 559.9 | 0.05 |
CReactive protein (mg/l) | 2.0 ± 2.0 | 3.1 ± 4.2 | 3.5 ± 6.4 | 3.45 ± 3.8 | NS |
Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 206.7 ± 53.7 | 189.7 ± 42.2 | 185.8 ± 61.4 | 216.0 ± 63.1 | NS |
Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 105.6 ± 65.1 | 155.4 ± 114.8 | 149.3 ± 75.8 | 176.5 ± 93.2 | 0.01 |
HDL (mg/dl) | 43.8 ± 10.5 | 44.3 ± 9.1 | 43.9 ± 10.2 | 44.8 ± 11.5 | NS |
LDL (mg/dl) | 140.4 ± 53.5 | 114.3 ± 42.6 | 112.4 ± 56.3 | 135.9 ± 63.2 | NS |
VLDL (mg/dl) | 21.6 ± 13.6 | 31.9 ± 22.5 | 30.1 ± 15.2 | 35.2 ± 18.6 | NS |
Glucose (mg/dl) | 88.8 ± 9.7 | 135.5 ± 22.9 | 152.9 ± 74.9 | 157.7 ± 73.73 | 0.05 |
HbA1c (%) | 4.3 ± 3.7 | 6.4 ± 2.0 | 7.7 ± 2.8 | 8.0 ± 2.7 | 0.05 |