Figure 4

Serum levels of IL-6 (A), IL-10 (B), IFN-γ (C), and TNF-α (D) in different groups of mice at 0 to 6 h post antibiotic treatment. Levels of IL-6 (A), IL-10 (B), IFN-γ (C), and TNF-α (D), in serum from S. pneumoniae infected mice untreated or treated with ampicillin (AMP) or azithromycin (AZM) alone or in combination after 18 h post infection were determined by utilizing ELISA according to the manufacturer’s recommendations and were expressed from triplicate experiments. AMRI SP-1 infected animal which were left untreated was considered as control while comparing with those treated AMP or AZM or both. A significant increase in TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-6 but decrease in IL-10, ^*P < 0.05 was observed after 1 h of post antibiotic treatment; S. pneumoniae isolate AMRI SP-1 alone, versus S. pneumoniae AMRI SP-1, + AMP, significant decrease in TNF - α, IFN-γ and increased IL-10, #P < 0.05, S. pneumoniae AMRI SP-1 alone, versus S. pneumoniae AMRI SP-1 + AMP + AZM showed significant decrease in TNF-α, IFN-γ and significant increase in IL-10 following 1 h post antibiotic treatment, #P < 0.05.